Evaluation of the functional properties of mung bean. The domestication, cultivation, and distribution of the crop are very evident in the tropics of africa 3, 9, 10, 11 where it had been reported. Sphenostylis stenocarpa is cultivated for its edible tubers, which look like elongated sweet potatoes, and for its seeds, which are contained in hard and tough. Determination of some physical properties of african yam. The african yam bean ayb is an underutilized, semicultivated crop that has failed to gain popularity comparable to that of other edible african legumes such as cowpea and pigeon pea. Thirty african yam bean a yb sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is a legume that provides nutritionally rich seeds, tubers and leaves for human consumption. The tuber grows as the root source, while the yam bean develops into the pod containing 2030 seeds found above the ground.
African tuber of yam 1 tuber average sized yams, not as big as the ones in ghana or other african countries. The african yam bean is grown in countries of west africa such as cameroon, cote divoire, ghana, nigeria, and togo. The functional properties, antinutrients, mineral and proximate composition of the flours were. Evaluating the effects of staking and planting dates on the. The pests of the vegetative stage were identified as cutworms agrotis spp, aphids aphis craccivora, grasshopper zonocerus variegates, maruca testulalis, cydia ptychora and leafrolling caterpillars sylepta derogate. Pdf introduction of yam bean in africa researchgate. The yam bean is a legume but unlike its close relatives the soybean and other beans, the yam bean is cultivated for its large, tuberous roots. The quality of african yam bean seed protein has been studied in rats and chicks elegbede, 1998. Jicama or climbing yam bean is a subtropical legume vine that produces crunchy, sweet tubers. The influence of processing methods on the protein and cyanide content of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa abstract. Pdf performance of broiler chickens fed graded levels of. To eat jicama, only the fibrous brownish peel must be removed.
The energy content of the formulations ranged from 362. In any case, at all, business plans or general plans always aim to define what the subject of the plan is about, steps in getting to that goal, and action or emergency plans or contingency plans in worstcase scenarios of something going wrong. The seed was identified and authenticated at the herbarium unit of the department of agronomy, ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria, where a. Afterwards wash and add the beans in a pot then add water and continue cooking until softened. Seed metrics for genetic and shape determinations in african yam.
It is usually cultivated as a secondary crop with yam in ghana and nigeria. The seed grains and tubers are the two major organs of. Determination of some physical properties of african yam beans. Performance of broiler chickens fed graded levels of boiled african yam beans sphenostylisstenocarpa. Crop diversity is collected, documented and sent to genebanks for conservation and potential distribution. Proximate, antinutrients and mineral composition of raw.
Feb 07, 2016 special info for you on a special day black beans and yam is a special dish you definitely need on a special day like this. He recommended that mung bean protein isolate can be used as an. The african oil bean pentaclethra macrophylla benth. Several pests and diseases were identified on african yam bean, sphenostylis stenocarpa.
The result, however, indicates that african yam beans are good sources of protein 14. Request pdf mechanism for pollination in african yam bean african yam bean ayb sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. Ngerian traditional food systems and nutrition security. Pdf effect of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa. It mostly goes by local or indigenous names, including fanko china, sankalu india, sinkamas philippines, dolique tubereux or pais patate french, knollige bohne german. Pdf african yam bean is a versatile legume crop, relished for its protein rich tubers, seeds and leaves which are utilized as spinach. African yam bean is cultivated for its edible tubers and for its seeds which have high nutritional values. Measurement of the physical properties was thereafter carried out.
Since the dawn of history these yam like tubers have fed tropical americans. The african yam bean flourishes all through tropical africa, where both seed and tuber are important components of the diet. Materials and methods raw african yam beans were obtained from iseyin local government arear of oyo state, nigeria. Crop collecting missions repository of reports cgiar. Mechanism for pollination in african yam bean request pdf. Dpphfree radical scavenging capacity of legume extracts was evaluated according to the method of chen. Yams have both economic and social value in many growing areas. A guide to african vegetables new entry sustainable. African yam bean ayb african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa, is the most economically important among the seven species of sphenostylis 9 and it is one of the most important tuberous legumes. Rich harms accessions were evaluated for grain yield adaptability to four agroenvironments in nigeria. African yam soup stew immaculate bites white pepper, fish, basil leaves, parsley, garlic cloves, smoked paprika and 10 more ancient african spice berbere spiced chickpea, yam, mango stew food52. In regular production, yam is propagated vegetatively by planting the tubers or seed yam. However, the present study was designed to examine the effect of germination on the quality of african yam bean protein.
Place half of sliced yams in mediumsized casserole dish. Yam beans also called as jicama is a large and balloon shaped root vegetable. Find wholesalers, exporters or distributors selling. With an efficient quality management and cost control system, they offer products with different prices according to your various quality requirements. African yam bean and wheat composite flour cakes 6. The african yam bean seed lectin affects the development. Bring down the beans and yam from heat, pour in a sieve to drain out water then set aside. In african culture, it is typically boiled or roasted. Physicochemical and sensory properties of cookies produced. Jul 04, 2015 the dark brown coloured variety of african yam bean seeds sphenostylis stenocarpa were soaked in distilled water control and in 1,2,3,4 and 5% solutions of unripe plantain peel ash 1. The african yam beans seeds were obtained from farmers in fadan ninzo, randa, and gwantu villages, in sanga local government area, kaduna south, kaduna state, northwest nigeria in september, 2011. From blends of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa, maize zea mays and defatted coconut cocos nucifera. Health benefits of yams yam is a good source of energy. Designmethodologyapproach dry seeds of two collections of african yam bean, pigeon pea and lima beans, and a collection of bambara groundnut were collected from oyo and ondo states in south.
Yam refers to the edible tuber that is a part of the plant belonging to the genus dioscorea, and the family dioscoreaceae. The variation in the energy content of the samples could be due to differences in their protein and carbohydrate contents 18. Jul 14, 2014 african yam beans are an enduring part of the food system of the igbo and yoruba and were a key source of dietary protein for malnourished refugees during the nigerian civil war 196770. The african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst. It is believed to be one of the most important tuberous legumes in africa. The biological effects of affinity purified seed lectin from african yam bean, sphenostylis stenocarpa harms, were tested on clavigralla tomentosicollis stal in. Sweet potato and yam are not interchangeable terms. Pdf there are many legumes forming storage roots only few are cultivated winged bean psophocarpus tetragonolobus, yam bean. Biological effects of african yam bean lectins on clavigralla. The pests attacked both the vegetative and reproductive stages of crops. Variations among eighty genotypes of african yam bean ayb for six metric seed. The pods are toxic when mature but can be used as a vegetable when young. Acylated mung bean protein isolates displayed good functional properties when compared with untreated protein isolate. Serve with african hot sauce or salt as a snack, an appetizer, or a side dish.
Okra soup is a favorite accompaniment for eating fufu throughout west africa. Green harvest provides growing information for edible and useful plants in the organic and permaculture garden. The fat content of the formulations which ranged from 0. Dpph radical scavenging capacity of phenolic extracts from african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa 9. The african oil bean, popular in nigeria its local name is ugba is a tropical tree in the family leguminosae mimosoideae. Findings showed that protein content in all variants was higher than the control, attributed to the use of african yam bean flour that contains between 2023% protein. The cowpea seed is cooked together with vegetables and spices, often to make a soup. To ensure complete data is available in genebanks, scientists capture key information on samples from the wild or farmers fields in collecting forms and mission reports. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa feedipedia. Cultivation and use of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa. Oct 25, 2011 potentials of african yam bean the plant sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of the most important tuberous legumes of tropical africa. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors.
The tree grows to a height of 21 m, is well branched and forms a crownlike canopy. The african yam bean seeds extract also significantly p yam bean, mexican potato, or mexican turnip has been eaten in central american for many centuries and is now common in u. Harms is an underutilized tropical african tuberous legume. African yam bean ayb is one of such underutilised crop with great genetic and economic potentials ajibade et al. Winged bean okwe roasted, milled kerstingiella ground bean akidi ani boiled, roasted. Production and evaluation of breakfast cereals from blends. It is native to tropical africa, although a representative of the genus exists in tropical south and central america. After testing various african yam beanmaize ratios, a flour blend at a 60. However, it is not well known as a food source outside africa and is grown as an ornamental plant in europe and elsewhere. Several pachyrhizus species go by this name, but the best known and best developed yambean is pachyrhizus erosus. This study investigated the replacement of soybean meal with processed african yam bean ayb in broiler diets and its effects on growth performance and nutrient digestibility. African yam bean rte breakfast cereal holds promise for.
Yams and sweet potatoes are often grouped together. The ash content and crude fibre were also higher in cowpea flour than in african yam bean flour having 2. Yam beans or jicama health benefits, facts, side effects. Although yams are grown all over the african continent, nigeria is the worlds largest producer and exporter, accounting for over 70 percent of the total global production. The reasons for this are not clear, but may be attributed to toxicity present in. It has a unique lightly sweet taste that works when cooked by itself or in complicated west african recipes like moinmoin bean cakes or akara bean fritters. Rich harms is a neglected and underutilised legume in tropical africa. Pdf african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa nodulates. The flour of african yam bean can be fortified with other flour sample to produce a good quality bakery products. Effect of soaking african yam bean seeds in unripe plantain. In the west african yam zone, which is the principal producer on a global basis, d.
The african yam bean belongs to the family leguminosae fabaceae, an annual, climbing or prostrate vine. Materials and methods collection of samples, animals and reagents. Jicama, yam bean, mexican potato, or mexican turnip has been eaten in central american for many centuries and is now common in u. Yam beans are rich with vitamin a, vitamin c, b and k and its flavor is sweet and starchy. The african yam bean seed lectin affects the development of. Combine sugar, flour, salt, cinnamon, nutmeg, and grated orange peel. Diced okra pods are mixed with sliced green vegetable leaves and any variety of meat and fish. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. The plant known internationally as yambean is arguably one of the most interesting of all the worlds new food crops. Cut yams in half and boil until tender, but firm about 20 minutes. Raw african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa was subjected to various processing methods viz. The african yam bean seeds were removed from pods and cleaned to remove foreign materials like sticks, broken pods.
However, the research attention on the crop in the recent time is. They have a shelflife of six months, but you will have a hard time finding a true yam on a shelf in an american grocery store. The mature seeds of african yam bean were bought from the market at nsukka, enugu state of nigeria. The plant is a climbing vine with flat, kidneyshaped seeds, and the tubers range in weight from 0. Some traditional ceremonies are celebrated with yam as the major food item such the new yam festival in parts of west africa. Abstract three varieties of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa were collected from six different locations in. The record on the extent of the losses and rescue of its genetic resources in africa is yet unknown. Yams are a staple throughout much of africa, where they are used to make fufu. African yam bean ayb, sphenostylis stenocarpa, is a grain legume cultivated in central african republic, zaire, east africa, and ethiopia for its tubers and in the southeastern nigeria for its edible seeds. Green beans minister of agriculture, forestry and fisheries. Physical, proximate and antinutritional composition of. Recipe from common culinary uses the seed, leaves, and pod of long beans are all used in cooking. The long bean is now the most important pulse crop in west. Cultivation and use of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa in the volta.
These beans of nigerian origin is a naturally sweeter version of black eyed peas. Potentials of african yam bean the plant sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of the most important tuberous legumes of tropical africa. Acceptability of moinmoin produced from blends of african. Yam bean fao food and agriculture organization of the. Pachyrhizus is a small genus of five or six species of tropical and subtropical plants growing from large, often edible taproots. This was aimed at unraveling the nutritional importance of this crop to enhance its production and utilisation. This company is an exporter of melon seeds, ogbono, yam, african yam flour, snails, shrimps, catfish, spices,rice, beans and other kinds of farm produce. Culinary purposes african oil bean seeds can be cooked, sliced and allowed to undergo fermentation process for three days before being used for preparing assorted delicacies such as ugba and okporoko, sausages, nkwobi, porridge, abacha salad, soups and vegetables yam.
It is also consumed as a green vegetable green bean, pod, leaf. The physical, proximate and antinutritional properties of five accessions of african yam bean ayb seeds tss 57, tss 61, tss 93, tss 94 and tss 116 obtained from genetic resource centre grc of international institute of tropical agriculture iita were studied and compared. Yam beans are eaten mostly in salads and have to be peeled off before consuming. Burundi, central african republic and zaire, west africa cote divoire, ghana, guinea, mali, niger, nigeria and togo and south tropical africa angola, malawi, zambia and zimbabwe 12. The african yam bean is grown in countries of west africa such as cameroon, cote divoire. Harms is a perennial climbing bush, m high, generally grown as an annual. Sphenostylis is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, fabaceae. And if you enjoy preparing your own meals, which i presume is the. These seeds can be found in colors including brown, black, and red varieties.
Jicama is often added raw to salads or prepared as strips, like carrots. It is mainly cultivated in countries such as africa, asia, latin america, the caribbean and oceania. Pdf physicochemical and organoleptic properties of. In the case of event plans, for example, a structure or form somewhat similar to a project plan is made. Genotype by environment ge interaction was significant p african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. The seeds were cleaned manually by hand to remove all foreign matter such as dirt, pieces of stones, and broken seeds. Dpph radical scavenging capacity of phenolic extracts from. The african yam bean seeds extract also significantly p aug, 2014 yam beans also called as jicama is a large and balloon shaped root vegetable. Wash and add the yam in the softened black beans, add more water if the beans have absorbed all the water then continue cooking until the yam has been softened. Production relies upon the cultivation of landraces and, to. Onepot blackeyed beans and sweet potato recipe bean and sweet potato pottage west african flavors recipes from a pantry spinach, maggi, palm oil, beans, sweet potato, scotch bonnet chilli and 4 more.
Cookies were produced from composite flour at ratio 100. Rich harms is in the long list of the highly nutritious underutilized species evans and boulter, 1974 in africa. Plant green beans with a planter or by hand leave a space of 5 cm size of a matchbox between the plants and 60 cm between the rows for bush types with a planting depth of 2 4 cm. A few farmers who still hold some seed stocks, especially the white with blackeye pattern, plant it at the base of yam mounds in june or. It is brown in color with crunchy flesh, which resembles raw potato. Sphenostylis stenocarpa or the african yam bean is a species of plant in the fabaceae which is native to africa. Special meals of yam beans feature in the marriage ceremonies of ekitis people in nigeria and the puberty celebration of avatime girls in ghana. Pdf physical, proximate and antinutritional composition. African yam beans are an enduring part of the food system of the igbo and yoruba and were a key source of dietary protein for malnourished refugees during the nigerian civil war 196770. Pests and diseases of african yam bean, sphenostylis. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hoechst ex.
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